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Mikrotik » Historique » Version 140

Laurent GUERBY, 24/03/2016 17:54

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{{>toc}}
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h1. Mikrotik
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RouterOS
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/MikroTik_RouterOS
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:TOC
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Webfig
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http://www.mikrotik.com/download.html
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Upgrading_RouterOS
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Supported_Hardware
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Password_reset
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:PoE-Out
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h2. Boitiers
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* Nice box : http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?p=297825#p297825
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* http://www.mikrotik.com/mfm
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* http://www.aerial.net/shop/product_info.php?products_id=1085
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* http://www.stationbox.info/
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* Boîtiers Rexel très chers
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* http://www.technic-achat.com/coffret-electrique-ip66-imo,fr,4,144T_XX.cfm (144T0010)
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* http://www.interprojekt.com.pl/gold-alubox-outdoor-waterproof-case-p-472.html
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* http://www.materielelectrique.com/coffret-polyester-marina-ip66-ik10-7035-300x220x160-p-6579.html
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h2. Montage
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* http://shop.varia-store.com/product_info.php?info=p1390_RF-Elements-EasyBracket---EasyBracket-Universal.html
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h2. PoE
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* http://www.i4wifi.eu/en/EU-230V-powering/PoE-convertor-48-V-24-V-802-3af-at.html
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h2. Password
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From: 	Le Net du Kermeur
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Utilitaire mtpass, ça se trouve là : http://manio.skyboo.net/mikrotik/
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Ca se compile sous g++, donc sur n'importe quel Linux ou *BSD.
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Testé sous OpenBSD, il fait le boulot.
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h2. RB433L and RB433UAHL
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h3. NPK
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http://routing.explode.gr/node/96
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https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=32320&p=3
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https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?pid=165526#p165526
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https://github.com/lqez/npk
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Easy install of OpenWrt on MikroTik's devices https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=39171
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http://wp.ayufan.eu/2013/02/the-rb951g-and-openwrt/
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h3. Misc
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TODO
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http://i.mt.lv/routerboard/files/rb433L-series-qg_1377089307.pdf
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?t=65977&p=336057
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RF antenna and close miniPCI ?
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h3. Power Consuption
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<pre>
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eth1 = PoE        192.168.88.101/24
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eth2 = milieu     192.168.102.1/24
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eth3 = oppose PoE 192.168.103.1/24
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wlan1 = minipci du bas 172.31.31.43/24
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http://dslrouter.sourceforge.net/stuff/mikrotik/mikrotik/AirMax5_and_Mikrotik_Router_Board_Connection_Guide_revised.pdf
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netboot 
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rb750up http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=57943&start=50
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USB RB750UP http://patchwork.openwrt.org/patch/3252/
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb750
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http://blog.poettner.de/2011/05/27/openwrt-trunk-on-mikrotik-routerboard-411750/
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Netinstall
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http://routerboard.com/pricelist/download_file.php?file_id=118
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http://www.gowifi.co.nz/userguides/perform-a-netinstall.pdf
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=66093
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reset longer than 20 seconds
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https://forum.openwrt.org/viewtopic.php?id=41490
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RB433L
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idle 108 mA 12V 
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+1 eth 130mA 173 mA max au boot
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RB433L + ethernet branché RouterOS 5.11
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conso identique RouterOS 5.26
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RouterOS 6.6 ?
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Volt    mA  mW
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(*  5.0 259)1295.0
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(*  6.0 227)1362.0
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(*  7.0 200)1400.0
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(*  8.0 180)1440.0
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(*  8.5 175)1487.5
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(*  9.0 165)1485.0
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(*  9.5 160)1520.0
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(* 10.0 152)1520.0
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(* 11.0 142)1562.0
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(* 11.5 138)1587.0
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(* 12.0 132)1584.0 152 pendant file upload  firmware (* 12.0 152)1824.0
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(* 12.5 129)1612.5
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(* 13.0 125)1625.0
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(* 14.0 119)1666.0
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(* 15.0 112)1680.0
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(* 18.0  99)1782.0
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(* 21.0  90)1890.0
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(* 24.0  83)1992.0
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(* 26.0  79)2054.0
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(* 27.0  77)2079.0
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RB433L sans ethernet
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   V    mA  mW
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4.0 off
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(*  5.0 206)1030.0
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(*  6.0 181)1086.0
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(*  7.0 162)1134.0
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(*  8.0 146)1168.0
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(*  9.0 133)1197.0
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(* 10.0 124)1240.0
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(* 11.0 116)1276.0
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(* 12.0 110)1320.0
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(* 13.0 104)1352.0
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(* 14.0  99)1386.0
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(* 15.0  94)1410.0
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diff ethernet pas ethernet constant en watt sur la plage de 265 mW a 260 mW
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eth+ R52n-M  5180 AP-bridge 17dBm = 50 mW
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(* 12.0 165)1980.0
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vs (* 12.0 132)1584.0
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0 dBm = 1 mW ou 7 dBm
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conso inchangee
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(* 12.0 163)1956.0
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163-166
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tout en bridge cote RB433L 7 dBm = 5 mW avec iperf 100M UDP
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175-180
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(* 12.0 (- 180 163))204.0 mW
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serial http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=76194
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb433
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Password_reset
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/MikroTik_Password_Recovery
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http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/ath9k/devices
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WLM200NX dual band
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http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/ath5k
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R52n-M
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R52Hn
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http://download2.mikrotik.com/routeros/5.26/routeros-mipsbe-5.26.npk
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http://download2.mikrotik.com/routeros/6.6/routeros-mipsbe-6.6.npk
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Netinstall
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</pre>
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!conso-rb433l.png!
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h2. RB433 and RB433UAH and RB435G
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h3. Links
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http://routerboard.com/RB433
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http://routerboard.com/RB433UAH
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http://routerboard.com/RB435G
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb435
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http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/mikrotik/rb433
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h3. Power Consumption
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<pre>
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RB433 MikroTik RouterOS 5.24
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V    mA avec 1 eth
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24.0 123 (* 24 0.123)2.952  (112 sans eth diff 0.264W)
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16.0 149 (* 16 0.149)2.384
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13.9 162 (* 13.9 0.162)2.2518  (142 sans eth diff 0.278W)
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12.0 178 (* 12.0 0.178)2.136
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10.0     207 (* 10.0 0.207)2.07
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 8.0     250 (*  8.0 0.250)2.0
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en dessous de 8 V : coupure
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RB433UAH MikroTik RouterOS 5.24
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avec 1 eth
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24.0 189 (* 24 0.189)4.536
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12.0 249 (* 12 0.249)2.988
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 8.0 366 (* 8  0.327)2.616 292 sans eth
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RB435G MikroTik RouterOS 5.24
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avec 1 eth
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24.0 117 (* 24.0 0.117)2.808 112 sans eth (* 0.005 24)0.12
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12.0 187 (* 12.0 0.187)2.244
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10.0 216 (* 10.0 0.216)2.16
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 8.0 261 (*  8.0 0.261)2.088 255 sans eth (* 0.006 8.0)0.048
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 7.0 303 (*  7.0 0.303)2.121
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8.0
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[admin@MikroTik] > system health print
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     fan-mode: auto
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      use-fan: main
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   active-fan: none
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      current: 172mA
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  temperature: 20C
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12.0
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[admin@MikroTik] > system health print
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           fan-mode: auto
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            use-fan: main
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         active-fan: none
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            voltage: 11.3V
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            current: 108mA => 192
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        temperature: 20C
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  power-consumption: 1.2W
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24.0
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[admin@MikroTik] > system health print
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           fan-mode: auto
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            use-fan: main
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         active-fan: none
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            voltage: 24V
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            current: 50mA => 119
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        temperature: 20C
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  power-consumption: 1.2W
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</pre>
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h2. RB750UP
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http://routerboard.com/RB750UP
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http://blog.lekermeur.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Printemps2012_RB750.pdf
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Attention : problèmes lors que le RB750UP est alimenté en PoE : http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=57943
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> we are working on new FW that would add useful features that are currently missing. One of them is reworked power management.
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Voltage : http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=58124
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> limit on power out port is 500mA regardless of output voltage. so at 12V you will be able to power only MAX 6W device. while at 30V 15W.
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> If you power RB570UP with PoE 24V adapter over 100m cable, then resulting output voltage at full load (all 4 ports giving out 500mA totaling to 2A) then voltage to powered ports at RB750UP end will be around 21V then losses on cable and protections you end up with around 19V at the end device. and cables stretching for 200m from PSU brick.
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> PoE in port has no input limitation only output is limited to 500mA and with 4 prots it is 2A
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Upgrade to 5.20
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<pre>
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/ip arp print
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# print MAC IP
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/interface bridge host print
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# print MAC
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/interface ethernet switch host print
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# print MAC-port table
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/interface ethernet set ether5 poe-out=forced-on
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# force PoE
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/interface ethernet poe set ether2-master-local poe-priority=5
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# lower number = highest priority
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/interface ethernet poe pr   
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# print prio settings
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/interface ethernet poe monitor [find]
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# monitor watt and voltage
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system identity set name=totoRB750UP
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# hostname
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system resource print 
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                   uptime: 3h54m51s
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                  version: 5.26
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              free-memory: 19124KiB
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             total-memory: 29696KiB
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                      cpu: MIPS 24Kc V7.4
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                cpu-count: 1
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            cpu-frequency: 400MHz
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                 cpu-load: 0%
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           free-hdd-space: 90528KiB
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          total-hdd-space: 126976KiB
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  write-sect-since-reboot: 157
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         write-sect-total: 31910
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               bad-blocks: 0%
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        architecture-name: mipsbe
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               board-name: RB750UP
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                 platform: MikroTik
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</pre>
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik] /interface ethernet poe settings> upgrade
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Do you really want to upgrade PoE firmware? [y/n] 
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y
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Please reboot to finish PoE firmware upgrade.
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[admin@MikroTik] /interface ethernet poe settings> pr
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                   version: 2.0
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  ether1-poe-in-long-cable: no
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[admin@MikroTik] /interface ethernet poe> monitor [find]
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               name: ether2-master-local ether3-slave-local ether4-slave-local ether5-slave-local
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    poe-out-voltage:                                                           23.5V
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    poe-out-current:                                                           160mA
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      poe-out-power:                                                           3.7W
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</pre>
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* http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Upgrading_RouterOS
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* To update firmware (latest RouterOS 5.12):
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* Files / upload choose file : routeros-mipsbe-5.12.npk (12MB)
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* Attendre la fin de upload
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* System / Packages / IPv6 schedule for update
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* System / Reboot
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* about 90 seconds. Note: PoE will be cut during the reboot
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chiwa admin VLAN 3175
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192.168.3.20
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telnet login admin pass (vide)
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web
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<pre>
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[admin@rb750up-chiwawa] > interface ethernet print                                                                 
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Flags: X - disabled, R - running, S - slave 
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 #    NAME                               MTU MAC-ADDRESS       ARP        MASTER-PORT                            SWITCH                           
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 0    ether1-gateway                    1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8A enabled   
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 1 R  ;;; To chiwa's router *** NO POE ***
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      ether2-master-local               1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8B enabled    none                                   switch1                          
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 2 RS ;;; to Vince' NS5M -  To Myrys
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      ether3-slave-local                1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8C enabled    ether2-master-local                    switch1                          
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 3 RS ;;; to NS5M east - To CDRX
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      ether4-slave-local                1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8D enabled    ether2-master-local                    switch1                          
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 4 RS ;;; to beaconing NS5M (port balcon.3)
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      ether5-slave-local                1500 00:0C:42:E9:BA:8E enabled    ether2-master-local                    switch1         
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</pre>
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RouterOS v2
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:PoE-Out#RouterOS_2   
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:PoE-Out#Changes_between_1.x_and_2.0_PoE-Out_controller_firmware
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik] > interface ethernet poe monitor [find]
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              name: ether2 ether3 ether4 ether5
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   poe-out-voltage: 23.2V  23.2V  23.2V  
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   poe-out-current: 224mA  116mA  64mA   
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     poe-out-power: 5.1W   2.6W   1.4W 
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</pre>
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/PoE-Out
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/interface ethernet set ether2 poe-out=on
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/interface ethernet set ether2 poe-out=off
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/interface ethernet set ether2 poe-out=auto
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Note:
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<obinou> Le poe-out, il faut le mettre à "on" , et pas à "auto".
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<obinou> sans ça, j'ai l'impression que le RB fait un power-cycle si il détecte une perte de link
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<obinou> or, quand la NSM5 démarre, entre le bootloader & le firmware ca perd le link
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<obinou> conclusion: reboot en boucle.
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Note:
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Après essais il est préférable d'éviter le 12V: Si au départ ça semble marcher, les pics de courants
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dépassent parfois la limite autorisé par port de 500mA, et le port se coupe immédiatement.
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Le 24V n'a pas montré ce souci.
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Note 2: 
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Dans les derniers firmwares Microtik, l'option "poe-out" prend comme option "auto", "forced-on", ou "forced-off".
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=49976&sid=40ea9661791968a896ab35214dc18f15&start=50
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http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=57608
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik-Ouin] > /interface ethernet print detail            
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Flags: X - disabled, R - running, S - slave 
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 0 R  name="ether1-gateway" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1600 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D5 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps 
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 1    name="ether2-master-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D6 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=auto 
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 2    name="ether3-slave-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D7 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=auto 
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 3 R  name="ether4-slave-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D8 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=on 
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 4 R  name="ether5-slave-local" mtu=1500 l2mtu=1598 mac-address=00:0C:42:D3:94:D9 arp=enabled auto-negotiation=yes full-duplex=yes speed=100Mbps master-port=none bandwidth=unlimited/unlimited switch=switch1 poe-out=on 
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</pre>
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<pre>
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[admin@MikroTik-Ouin] > sys resource pr
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                   uptime: 6m6s
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                  version: 5.12
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              free-memory: 17880KiB
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             total-memory: 29708KiB
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                      cpu: MIPS 24Kc V7.4
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                cpu-count: 1
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            cpu-frequency: 400MHz
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                 cpu-load: 0%
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           free-hdd-space: 30844KiB
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          total-hdd-space: 61440KiB
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  write-sect-since-reboot: 214
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         write-sect-total: 96113
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               bad-blocks: 0%
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        architecture-name: mipsbe
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               board-name: RB750UP
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                 platform: MikroTik
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</pre>
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h3. NTP
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<pre>
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/system ntp client set primary-ntp=172.31.31.254 enabled=yes
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</pre>
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h3. rsyslog
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http://randomtweaks.blogspot.fr/2013/03/mikrotik-remote-logging-using-ubuntu.html
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<pre>
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/system log action set 3 remote=172.31.31.252
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/system log add action=remote disabled=no
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</pre>
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h3. Bridging sur le 750UP
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Le RB750UP est conçu dans l'idée d'en faire un CPE multi-antennes. Par défaut, le port 1 (POE-in ou LAN) n'est pas bridgé sur le switch des 4 ports POE-out, on s'en sert plutôt en mode routé.
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Pour l'utiliser comme un simple switch et non comme un routeur il suffit de créer un bridge entre les interfaces :
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445 17 Jérôme Nicolle
<pre>
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interface bridge add name=bridge1 
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interface bridge port add bridge=bridge1 interface=ether1-gateway 
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interface bridge port add bridge=bridge1 interface=ether2-master-local 
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</pre>
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<pre>
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ip address print
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ip address add address=172.31.31.24/24 interface=bridge1
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ip address print
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ip address remove 0
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</pre>
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h3. DHCP sur le 750UP
460 22 Julien Aubé
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Note: Attention, un serveur DHCP est actif par défaut sur les ports 2 à 5. Il faut le désactiver
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pour passer en mode switch.
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<pre>
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ip dhcp-server print
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ip dhcp-server remove 0
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ip dhcp-client print
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ip dhcp-client remove 0
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</pre>
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h3. Routing sur le 750UP
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<pre>
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ip route add dst-address=0.0.0.0/0 gateway=172.16.0.254
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</pre>
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h3. RB750UP en mode BOX pour les nanostation
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Connection to the routerboard
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<pre>
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ssh admin@192.168.88.1
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</pre>
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487 36 Mehdi Abaakouk
Reset the RouterBoard :
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<pre>
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$ setup 
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$ r
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$ y
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</pre>
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Le routerboard reboot et on se reconnect
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Configuration du WAN
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<pre>
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$ ip address add address=91.224.149.194/24 interface=ether1-gateway
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$ ip route add gateway=91.224.149.254
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$ ip address print 
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$ ip route print 
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</pre>
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h2. RB250GS
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VLAN http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/SwOS/Router-On-A-Stick
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Doc http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/SwOS
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vlan limitation mikrotik rb250gs http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=45721
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Routeur, switch, VLAN et multi-modems (via rb250gs) http://doc.rhizome-fai.net/doku.php?id=technique:routeur:vlan
511 130 Vross .
512 130 Vross .
h2. CRS226
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VLAN
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:CRS_features
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:CRS_examples
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http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Switch_Chip_Features#Example_-_802.1Q_Trunking_with_Atheros_switch_chip_in_RouterOS_v6
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http://blog.scottlowe.org/2015/07/02/vlan-trunking-mikrotik-routeros/
520 132 Vross .
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h3. Editer
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<pre>
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/interface ethernet switch egress-vlan-tag pr
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/interface ethernet switch egress-vlan-tag edit 5 tagged-ports
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</pre>
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528 132 Vross .
h3. Renommer les interfaces, changer les ports maîtres/esclaves
529 133 Vross .
530 132 Vross .
Par défaut, les interfaces ont des noms comme "ether1-master-local", "ether4-slave-local", "ether8-slave-local" parce que le port 1 est un "master" et les autre des "slaves" (plus d'info : http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Switch_Chip_Features#Port_Switching ). Comme ça risque de changer, on renomme tout ça :
531 1 Laurent GUERBY
532 133 Vross .
<pre>/interface set ether1-master-local name=ether1;
533 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether2-slave-local master-port=none;
534 133 Vross .
/interface set ether2-slave-local name=ether2;
535 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether3-slave-local master-port=none;
536 133 Vross .
/interface set ether3-slave-local name=ether3;
537 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether4-slave-local master-port=none;
538 133 Vross .
/interface set ether4-slave-local name=ether4;
539 133 Vross .
/interface ethernet set ether5-slave-local master-port=none;
540 133 Vross .
/interface set ether5-slave-local name=ether5;
541 133 Vross .
[...]
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</pre>
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Se placer dans le menu des interfaces ethernet et définir un master port (ici ether2) pour les interfaces :
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<pre>/interface ethernet
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set ether3 master-port=ether2
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set ether4 master-port=ether2
548 133 Vross .
set ether5 master-port=ether2
549 133 Vross .
set ether6 master-port=ether2
550 133 Vross .
set ether7 master-port=ether2
551 133 Vross .
set ether8 master-port=ether2
552 133 Vross .
</pre>
553 132 Vross .
554 132 Vross .
Pour voir le résultat, on peut utiliser la commande "print".
555 132 Vross .
556 132 Vross .
h3. VLAN par ports
557 134 Vross .
558 132 Vross .
Créer des VLAN :
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*    VLAN 200 : ether3, 4, et 8
560 133 Vross .
*    VLAN 300 : ether5, 6, et 8
561 133 Vross .
*    VLAN 400 : ether7, et 8
562 132 Vross .
563 132 Vross .
Access port
564 132 Vross .
Si du traffic arrive "untagged" (customer-vid=0), on lui assigne un VLAN ID en fonction du port sur lequel il arrive :
565 133 Vross .
<pre>/interface ethernet switch ingress-vlan-translation
566 133 Vross .
add ports=ether3,ether4,ether8 customer-vid=0 new-customer-vid=200
567 133 Vross .
add ports=ether5,ether6,ether8 customer-vid=0 new-customer-vid=300
568 133 Vross .
add ports=ether7,ether8 customer-vid=0 new-customer-vid=400
569 133 Vross .
</pre>
570 132 Vross .
571 132 Vross .
Trunk port
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port ether2 ici :
573 134 Vross .
<pre>/interface ethernet switch egress-vlan-tag
574 134 Vross .
add tagged-ports=ether2 vlan-id=200
575 134 Vross .
add tagged-ports=ether2 vlan-id=300
576 134 Vross .
add tagged-ports=ether2 vlan-id=400
577 134 Vross .
</pre>
578 1 Laurent GUERBY
579 132 Vross .
VLAN
580 134 Vross .
<pre>/interface ethernet switch vlan
581 132 Vross .
add ports=ether2,ether3,ether4,ether8 vlan-id=200
582 132 Vross .
add ports=ether2,ether5,ether6,ether8 vlan-id=300
583 132 Vross .
add ports=ether2,ether7,ether8 vlan-id=400
584 134 Vross .
</pre>
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h3. MAC
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<pre>
589 138 Laurent GUERBY
/interface ethernet switch unicast-fdb print
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</pre>